Kush controlled all of Egypt at one point. Kush was located in modern-day Saudi Arabia. The statement about kush's history that is true is that Kush controlled all of Egypt at one point. Prehistoric studies, engineering, craftsmanship, and entombment give the most data about the Kush. Home Which statement about kush's history is true?
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Log in with Facebook. These urban civilizations had larger populations, unique architecture and art, systems of government, different social and economic classes, and a division of labor. Learn more about the rise of cities with these resources. Ancient Egyptians during the third and fourth dynasties perfected the construction of pyramids as burial chambers for their kings.
Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students. Skip to content. Twitter Facebook Pinterest Google Classroom. Background Info Fast Facts Vocabulary. The legendary Kingdom of Kush , with its series of capital s in what is now northern Sudan, helped define the political and cultural landscape of northeastern Africa for more than a thousand years.
What was the Kingdom of Kush? Kush was a part of Nubia , loosely described as the region between the Cataracts of the Nile. The Cataracts of the Nile are a series of six whitewater rapids that have been used as key waypoint s for thousands of years. The first cataract roughly corresponds to the modern area of Aswan, Egypt, while the sixth lies more than 1, kilometers miles south, north of Khartoum, Sudan. Ancient Nubian cultures were sophisticated and cosmopolitan , as the region served as a major trading center for goods from the African interior, Arabian desert, and Mediterranean basin.
From sub-Saharan Africa , Nubian communities traded gold, ivory, ebony , and animal pelt s. Sometimes, merchants traded the animals themselves. African animals such as monkeys, elephants, antelopes, and giraffes were exported to private zoos across the Mediterranean and the Near East. From Arabia, Egypt, the Maghreb , and the Mediterranean basin, Nubians imported products such as olive oil, incense , timber mostly acacia and cedar , and bronze.
The hazard ous Cataracts of the Nile made sailing long distances along the Nile nearly impossible, so many goods from the Levant had to be imported from the Nubian east, through ports on the Red Sea. The Kingdom of Kush is probably the most famous civilization to emerge from Nubia. It is sometimes considered Kushite, and sometimes pre-Kushite. The Kerma kingdom controlled the Nile Valley between the first and fourth cataracts, making its territory as extensive as its powerful neighbor to the north, Egypt.
Kerma culture seems to have been primarily rural , as the city of Kerma only had about 2, residents. Nubians of this period practiced agriculture , hunted and fished, raised livestock such as cattle and sheep, and labored in workshops that produced ceramic and metal goods. The artifact s most associated with Kerma culture are probably deffufa s, huge mud-brick structures used as temple s or funerary chapel s. The mud-brick construction material kept the interior of deffufas cool in the hot Nubian sun, while tall colonnade s allowed for greater air circulation.
The walls of the deffufas were tiled and decorated with elaborate paintings, and some were lined in gold leaf. From its capital in Napata, Kushite civilization shared many cultural connections with Egypt during this time. For example, ceremonies and ritual s honoring the Egyptian sun-god Amun were held at the Kushite mountain Jebel Barkal, where Amun was believed to reside. Records also indicate marriages between Egyptian and Kushite royal families. Despite these affinities, Egypt and Kush maintained discrete cultural identities.
In Egyptian art, Kushites are depicted with darker skin and a cropped hairstyle. Kushites depicted themselves wearing animal-skin cloak s, patterned fabrics, and large earrings. Although both cultures valued horses as transportation, Egyptians preferred to use chariots, while Kushites were just as likely to ride the horses themselves. Pharaohs ruled from the Egyptian capital of Thebes.
Perhaps the most influential pharaoh of the 25th Dynasty was Taharqa Khunefertumre , a son of Piye. Taharqa engaged in enormous construction projects in both Upper and Lower Egypt. Under his leadership, temples and monument s were expanded at Memphis, Thebes, and Jebel Barkal. Statues of Taharqa and other pharaohs of the 25th Dynasty are important artifacts. These pharaohs modified the distinct ive headdress to reflect their dual kingship of Egypt and Kush.
The traditional pharaonic headdress features the Uraeus , a stylized depiction of a cobra. Many pharaonic headdresses also feature a vulture, symbolizing Upper southern Egypt. The Assyrians and Egyptians of the Late Period attempted to erase Kushite leadership and the 25th Dynasty from history by destroying their statues, stele s, and even their names from the historic record.
The most significant artifacts of Meroitic culture are probably its pyramid s. More than a dozen Kushite kings, queens, and other nobles are inter red with pyramids.
Although unlike Egyptian pyramids, Meroitic pyramids do not hold the tomb itself. The burial chamber lies beneath the pyramid, making the pyramid less a tomb than an enormous headstone. Kushite pyramids are notably smaller and steeper than their older Egyptian cousins.
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